Systems

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  • ADME Tox
    ADME Tox

    Greater than 70% of investigational new drugs fail during drug development because of unsatisfactory absorption, distribution, metabolism, excretion and toxicity...

  • Asbestos
    Asbestos

    Asbestos is a ubiquitous construction material with a wide variety of uses including: thermal insulation in buildings, general fire protection and the lining of...

  • Automotive Manufacturing
    Automotive Manufacturing

    When it comes to surface engineering, competition in the automotive industry is high. From the initial design of components to full-scale manufacturing and inspe...

  • Biophysics

    Biophysics applies the theory, techniques and intrumentation of the physical sciences to the quantitative understanding of biological structure, systems and func...

  • Cast iron nodularity and flake analysis
    Cast iron nodularity & flake analysis

    Cast iron is used widely in the automotive and heavy equipment industries for structural components such as engine, brake, suspension, and steering parts. Cast i...

  • Cell Biology Live
    Cell Biology Live

    In recent years, a variety of new imaging technologies has enabled a huge expansion in live cell imaging capabilities. It is now possible to image dynamic events...

  • Cell Culture
    Cell Culture

    With increasing emphasis on live-cell-based assays in the drug discovery environment, there is a growing need for reliable cell culture able to deliver the desir...

  • Chemical Biology

    Chemical biology integrates the principles of chemistry and chemical synthesis with biology and biosynthesis. It attempts to probe the detailed function of biosy...

  • Composites
    Composites

    Comprised of at least two constituent materials of significantly different physical or chemical properties, composites are of two types: matrix and reinforcement...

  • Cracks and Failure Analysis
    Cracks & Failure Analysis

    In many industries it is extremely difficult to manufacture products that will be totally immune to cracking and breaking in service, making testing at the point...

  • Cytogenetics

    Cytogenetics is the study of chromosomes, particularly in relation to diseases caused by chromosome abnormalities. Studies are usually carried out in white blood...

  • Cytology
    Cytology

    Cytology / cytopathology is the study of cell structure with the aim of diagnosing disease. Cytological screening for disease tends to look for abnormal cells in...

  • Electro Physiology
    Electro Physiology

    All living cells and tissues have electrical properties resulting from the movement of ions such as K+, Na+, Ca++, K+ and Cl-. These can be studied with the help...

  • Embryology/IVF
    Embryology/IVF

    In vitro fertilisation (IVF) is a reproductive technology aimed at overcoming infertility. Eggs are removed from the woman, usually after treatment with hormones...

  • Envronmental Science

    Environmental studies can involve a multitude of disciplines that seek to unravel the consequences of complex interactions between organisms and the physical wor...

  • EQA
    EQA

    External quality assurance (EQA) schemes for medical screening programmes aim to ensure consistently high quality diagnoses. EQA is established in cervical cance...

  • Fabrics/Textiles
    Fabrics/Textiles

    The fabrics and textiles industry is one of the oldest in the world, and with modern innovations and the advent of fibre reinforced polymers (FRP) offering light...

  • Food Science

    Food Science involves the combined disciplines of agricultural science, technology and engineering, biology, physics, chemistry and behavioural sciences to study...

  • Forensic Science
    Forensic Science

    Forensic science uses multidisciplinary investigations to establish the facts in civil or criminal law cases. It involves the examination of the crime scene for...

  • Formulation Science
    Formulation Science

    The formulation of a drug compound, i.e. the way in which is it combined with excipients (such as: binders, diluents, solubilizers and disintegrants) in, for exa...

  • Genetics
    Genetics

    Genetics is the science of heredity and variation in organisms. Genetic information is packaged in chromosomes and encoded in the structure of DNA (deoxyribonucl...

  • Genitourinary

    The genito-urinary field is wide ranging and includes the study of the organs of the reproductive and urinary systems in health and disease. Genitourinary medici...

  • Grain Sizing
    Grain sizing

    Correct grain size is crucial to material microstructure and in obtaining correct physical and mechanical characteristics for a wide range of materials such as m...

  • Gross Observations
    Gross Observations

    The ability to see microscopic detail in living organisms and everyday objects is fascinating for all ages and can be inspirational - attracting many students to...

  • Haematology

    Haematology is the study of blood, blood-forming organs and blood disease. Blood is composed of three principal cell types: red blood cells or erthyrocytes (cont...

  • Histology
    Histology

    Histology is the study of tissue morphology using light or electron microscopy. Tissue samples are generally obtained through surgery, biopsy or post mortem.

  • Immunology
    Immunology

    Immunology covers the examination of cells, tissues and organs of the immune system as well as the study of failures in immune function. Important areas of study...

  • Lab-on-a-Chip

    Lab-on-a-chip technology integrates biological and / or chemical analysis with silicon chip technologies to create miniature, automated laboratory processing cap...

  • Liquid Crystal Displays
    Liquid Crystal Displays

    With the slim design and small footprint, flat panel liquid crystal displays are fast-becoming the format of choice for televisions and monitors on computer work...

  • Marine Biology
    Marine Biology

    Research in marine biology covers scientific study of plants and animals inhabiting the world's oceans. These are classified on the basis of their environment ra...

  • Medical Devices
    Medical Devices

    With medical devices, failure is not an option. Reproducible examination and measurement of key components and specified tolerances play a key role in ensuring t...

  • MEMS
    MEMS

    In today's world increasingly miniaturised electronic products, Microelectromechanical systems (MEMS) and Nanoelectromechanical systems (NEMS) sets the standards...

  • Metal Manufacturing
    Metal Manufacturing

    Quality control is paramount in the metal manufacturing industry as lapses in quality can lead to serious performance and safety impairments. Quality control mea...

  • Metallurgy
    Metallurgy

    From extraction to production, metallurgy and metallography are used to examine the microscopic mechanisms that affect the behaviour of metals, their composites...

  • Microbiology
    Microbiology

    Microbiology is the study of micro-organisms. These include bacteria, yeasts, simple fungi, algae, protozoans and viruses. Micro-organisms can infect living tiss...

  • Microelectronics
    Microelectronics

    Smaller, cheaper, faster - these are the ever-present concerns of microelectronic device manufacturers. In this industry, each new generation of products must ou...

  • Molecular Pathology
    Molecular Pathology

    Traditional pathology concentrates on the morphological manifestations of disease. Molecular pathology, in addition, integrates tools of molecular biology to: is...

  • Neurobiology
    Neurobiology

    Neurobiology is the study of cells of the nervous system (principally neurons and glial cells) and the organization of these cells into functional circuits able...

  • Observation of Prepared Slide
    Observation of Prepared Slide

    Commercially available prepared microscope slides are often used in schools and colleges to introduce students to microscopy and the skills of slide interpretati...

  • Optoelectronics
    Optoelectronics

    From fibre-optic communications and wireless networks, to optical storage devices and advanced medical equipment, optoelectronics are becoming an increasingly vi...

  • Palaeontology

    Paleontology is the study of ancient life forms and their evolution using fossils - the preserved and petrified remains of life forms within sedimentary rocks. T...

  • Pathology
    Pathology

    Pathology is the study of disease and, in particular, the structural and functional changes that take place in cells and tissues during disease. Knowledge of the...

  • Plant Science

    Plant science, or botany, studies the structure, reproduction, growth, metabolism and diseases of plants. It has relevance to a wide range of related disciplines...

  • Plastic Manufacturing
    Plastic Manufacturing

    Quality control in plastics manufacturing presents a real challenge as out-of-specification components represent a financial burden to the manufacturer, not only...

  • Regenerative Studies
    Regenerative Studies

    The goal of regenerative research is to develop the means to restore function in damaged tissues and organs for example, in accidental injury such as burns, woun...

  • Rocks/Minerals
    Rocks/Minerals

    The analysis of rock and minerals is important both academically, for geological and earth sciences, and industrially, in oil and mineral-related industries. Aca...

  • Surface Analysis
    Surface Analysis

    Surface analysis, or surface metrology, is a vast field covering the analysis of textures and the measurement of features such as the waviness, roughness, and ro...

  • Target Identification
    Target Identification

    Unraveling the complex relationship between genotype, expression, protein function and disease is the basis for identifying new drug targets in drug discovery. A...

  • Veterinary
    Veterinary

    Veterinary medicine uses diagnostic techniques that are similar to those used for human medicine. Diagnosis is, however, made even more challenging by species di...

  • Virtual Slide
    Virtual Slide

    A 'virtual' or digital slide provides a new way of viewing and sharing microscopy specimens. This technology has enormous benefits in education where every stude...

  • Wafers
    Wafers

    At the heart of almost every electronic product are wafers, thin slices of semiconductor materials on which microcircuits are constructed through the diffusion a...

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